Heppen, Jessica, Kurki, A., & Brown, S. American Institutes for Research (AIR) for the Institute of Education Sciences (IES). This report presents findings from a study that tested four versions of an adaptive text messaging strategy to see which, if any, would reduce chronic absence and improve achievement among 26,000 elementary school students. All four versions of the adaptive text messaging strategy reduced chronic absence but did not improve achievement after one school year.